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How to send electricity across the continent, virtually for free.

How to send electricity across the continent, virtually for free.
http://www.newsweek.com/id/198942

Magnetism is involved in the mechanism behind high temperature superconductivity
http://www.engineerlive.com/Design-Engineer/Interview_Opinion/Magnetism_is_involved_in_the_me…

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There is no accepted theory of high temperature superconductivity - just a number of competing proposals that all have problems of one sort or another. In essence, no one really understands why high temperature superconductors superconduct, so having an entirely new family to explore will hopefully increase our understanding of the high temperature superconductors and allow a theory to be established.
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4. Why has it been so difficult to get to the root of the nature of superconductivity?

There are many competing interactions that we can measure experimentally, not all of which are directly responsible for superconductivity, but can mask those that are. Some of this is related to the quality of the materials grown - it is a large materials science challenge to grow pure and defect free materials. These defects often affect or even dominate the experimental results. In other words, there are plenty of red-herrings!

It is also an extremely difficult problem to solve with many many effects going on all at once and it is like no other we have solved before. There has been a huge effort to improve the theoretical language used to describe systems where electrons interact strongly with one another and there is still some way to go, in my opinion.
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In other words, superconductivity is not evolutionary science, but revolutionary science.
Scientists have achieved the superconductivity effect in multiple materials and at temperatures far above what their older theories predicted.
It is possible that our understandings of fundamental physics will be profoundly transformed.  And using superconducting materials as experimental tools could feed back and enable the testing of many physics hypotheses that exist right now primarily as mathematical proofs or non-falsifiable tautologies.  They could even enable unifications of relativity and quantum mechanics into something new.
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Another development is the use of high temperature superconducting wires to transmit electricity. Both the US and Japan have plans to replace underground copper power cables with superconducting BSCCO cable-in-conduit cooled with liquid nitrogen. By doing this, more current can be routed through existing cable tunnels. In one instance 250 pounds of superconducting wire replaced 18,000 pounds of vintage copper wire, making it over 7000% more space-efficient. In May of 2001 residents of Copenhagen, began receiving their electricity through high-temperature superconducting material.
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